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Evidence Summary

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What Works to Increase Refugee and Immigrant Families’ Access to Early Childhood Services?

This document summarizes the current state of evidence on practices, policies, approaches, and interventions that enhance access to and participation in early childhood programs for refugee and immigrant families with young children. Early childhood refers to the developmental period from birth to age 5, during which children experience rapid physical, social-emotional, and cognitive growth. In this context, early childhood programs are defined as any publicly funded programs serving children from birth through age 5 and their families. While refugee families are broadly eligible for these programs, immigrant families may qualify for specific ones. This summary aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners to support these families in accessing high-quality early childhood education and care.

Post TitleStrength of EvidenceType of StudyDirection of Evidence
Looking through the lens: a photovoice study examining access to services for newcomer childrenSuggestiveSuggestive evidenceNo evidence about impact
Immigrant Health through the Lens of Home Visitors, Supervisors, and Administrators: The Florida Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting ProgramSuggestiveSuggestive evidencePositive impact
Improving Access to Early Childhood Developmental Surveillance for Children from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) BackgroundSuggestiveSuggestive evidencePositive impact
Preschool for all? Enrollment and maternal labour supply implications of a bilingual preschool policyModerateImpact evaluationPositive impact
Relationship Building, Collaboration and Flexible Service Delivery: The Path to Engagement of Refugee Families and Communities in Early Childhood Trauma Recovery ServicesSuggestiveSuggestive evidencePositive impact
Promoting integration of immigrants: Effects of free child care on child enrollment and parental employmentModerateImpact evaluationPositive impact
Quality audit of an early childhood nurse program for resettled refugeesSuggestiveSuggestive evidencePositive impact
Equitable access to developmental surveillance and early intervention – understanding the barriers for children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgroundsSuggestiveSuggestive evidenceNo evidence about impact
The role of access to Head Start and quality ratings for Spanish-Speaking Dual Language Learners’ (DLLs) participation in early childhood educationModerateImpact evaluationPositive impact
Newcomer families’ experiences with programs and services to support early childhood development in Canada: A scoping reviewSuggestiveLiterature reviewNo impact
Low-income African and Latina immigrant mothers’ selection of early childhood care and education (ECCE): Considering the complexity of cultural and structural influencesSuggestiveSuggestive evidenceNo evidence about impact
What do parents want from preschool? Perspectives of low-income Latino/a immigrant familiesSuggestiveSuggestive evidenceNo evidence about impact
Early Childhood Education and Care Access for Children from Disadvantaged Backgrounds: Using a Framework to Guide InterventionSuggestiveLiterature reviewNo evidence about impact
Sin papeles y licencia: Access to drivers’ licenses and participation in early care and educationModerateImpact evaluationPositive impact
Early childhood special education in a refugee resettlement community: challenges and innovative practicesSuggestiveSuggestive evidenceNo evidence about impact

Websites and databases  Population terms  Methodology terms  Target outcome terms 
AIR 

Child Trends 

Mathematica 

Migration Policy Institute 

PsycInfo 

PubMed 

SocIndex 

Urban Institute 

Web of Science 

“refugee” 

OR 

“immigrant” 

OR 

“unaccompanied minor” 

OR 

“asylee” 

OR 

“temporary protected status” 

OR 

 “victims of traffick*”  

OR 

“traffick* victims” 

OR 

“T-Visa” 

OR 

“U-Visa” 

OR 

“Cuban” 

OR  

“Haitian” 

OR 

“Amerasian” 

 

“evaluation” 

OR 

“impact” 

OR 

“program” 

OR 

“intervention” 

OR 

“policy”  

OR 

“train” 

OR 

“training” 

OR 

“review” 

OR 

“meta-analysis” 

OR 

“synthesis” 

 

“early childhood program” 

OR 

“early childhood services” 

OR 

“early childhood development” 

OR 

“early care” 

OR  

“early education” 

OR 

“child care” 

OR 

“early learning” 

OR 

“preschool” 

OR 

“Early Head Start” 

OR 

“Head Start” 

OR 

“home visit” 

OR 

“home visiting” 

OR 

“comprehensive services” 

OR 

“two-generation” 

OR 

“whole family” 

OR 

“family resource center” 

OR 

“early intervention”